我们的目的是对造血干细胞移植患者血流感染 (BSI) 中大肠杆菌的流行病学进行系统回顾。对报告 2000 年至 1 月血流感染中大肠杆菌流行率和抗生素耐药性的研究进行全面检索2024年1月1日，检索了PubMed、EMBASE、Google Scholar、Scopus和Web of Science等数据库。主要使用关键词为：大肠杆菌、流行病学、血流感染、微生物耐药性、抗生素耐药性、造血系统恶性肿瘤、造血干细胞移植。在应用资格标准和研究质量评估后，通过综合荟萃分析 (CMA) 软件进行数据分析。不同研究中细菌性血流感染的患病率在 8-51% 之间变化。此外，由大肠杆菌引起的血液感染的比例在 2.5-57% 之间。血流感染中大肠杆菌超广谱 β-内酰胺酶 (ESBL) 的患病率在 15-80% 之间变化。此外，血流感染中大肠杆菌菌株引起的死亡率在 6.7-27.3% 之间变化。据报道，对环丙沙星、头孢吡肟、第三代和第四代头孢菌素的耐药率最高（患病率达 100%），对阿米卡星的耐药率最低，患病率在 13-38% 之间。在接受造血干细胞移植的患者中，相关的 BSI 和随后的死亡率，特别是由多药耐药性和 ESBL 菌株引起的死亡，需要采取必要措施来防止微生物耐药性的传播。

We aimed to conduct a systematic review of the epidemiology of Escherichia coli in bloodstream infections (BSI) of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation patients.For a comprehensive search of studies that reported the prevalence of E. coli and antibiotic resistance in bloodstream infections from 2000 to January 1, 2024, databases such as PubMed, EMBASE, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched. The main keywords used were: Escherichia coli, epidemiology, bloodstream infection, microbial resistance, antibiotic resistance, hematopoietic malignancy, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. After applying eligibility criteria, and quality assessment of studies, data analysis was done by comprehensive meta-analysis (CMA) software.The prevalence of bacterial bloodstream infections amongst different studies varied between 8-51%. Also, bloodstream infections caused by E. coli varied between 2.5-57%. Prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) of Escherichia coli in bloodstream infections varied between 15-80%. As well, the mortality rate caused by Escherichia coli strains in bloodstream infection varied between 6.7-27.3%. Resistance to ciprofloxacin, cefepime, third- and fourth-generation cephalosporins, was reported to be the highest (prevalence of 100%), and the lowest was against amikacin, with a prevalence between 13-38%.The high prevalence of Escherichia coli-related BSI, and subsequent mortality, especially by multidrug resistance and ESBL strains, in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, requires essential measures to prevent the spread of microbial resistance.GERMS.