血脑界面在治疗阿尔茨海默病、多发性硬化症、脑癌和脑血管意外等神经系统疾病方面构成了巨大的障碍。作为血液中潜在威胁的保护措施，这种屏障阻碍了药物直接输送到受影响的细胞，需要专门的运输机制。在纳米技术领域，纳米级载体（包括聚合物、脂质和金属纳米粒子等大分子）的创建越来越受到重视。这些载体具有不同的形式和尺寸，并富含特定的功能组以增强渗透性和针对性，正在吸引越来越多的兴趣。这份修订后的摘要探讨了大分子维度，以了解纳米颗粒如何与血脑屏障相互作用。它重新评估了血脑屏障的结构和功能，重点介绍了用于向大脑输送药物的大分子纳米载体。讨论深入探讨了药物穿过血脑屏障的复杂途径，强调了大分子纳米载体的独特属性。此外，它还探讨了纳米技术和非常规药物输送方法的最新创新。最终，本文讨论了开发基于大分子的大脑纳米药物的复杂性和考虑因素，旨在推进治疗神经疾病的纳米药物的创造和发展。© 2024 作者。

The blood-brain interface poses formidable obstacles in addressing neurological conditions such as Alzheimer's, Multiple Sclerosis, brain cancers, and cerebrovascular accidents. Serving as a safeguard against potential threats in the blood, this barrier hinders direct drug delivery to affected cells, necessitating specialized transport mechanisms. Within the realm of nanotechnology, the creation of nanoscale carriers, including macromolecules such as polymers, lipids, and metallic nanoparticles, is gaining prominence. These carriers, tailored in diverse forms and sizes and enriched with specific functional groups for enhanced penetration and targeting, are capturing growing interest. This revised abstract explores the macromolecular dimension in understanding how nanoparticles interact with the blood-brain barrier. It re-evaluates the structure and function of the blood-brain barrier, highlighting macromolecular nanocarriers utilized in drug delivery to the brain. The discussion delves into the intricate pathways through which drugs navigate the blood-brain barrier, emphasizing the distinctive attributes of macromolecular nanocarriers. Additionally, it explores recent innovations in nanotechnology and unconventional approaches to drug delivery. Ultimately, the paper addresses the intricacies and considerations in developing macromolecular-based nanomedicines for the brain, aiming to advance the creation and evolution of nanomedicines for neurological ailments.© 2024 The Authors.