基于脂质纳米颗粒 (LNP) 的 mRNA 疗法作为治疗多种人类恶性肿瘤的创新和多功能工具引起了疫苗研究界的关注。 mRNA 疫苗因其高精度、低成本、快速制造和卓越的安全性而作为传统疫苗的替代品而受到关注。多种 mRNA 疫苗平台已被开发用于针对多种类型的癌症，其中许多在动物模型和人体试验中显示出令人鼓舞的结果。这些新型 mRNA 疫苗的有效性取决于所产生的感兴趣抗原的功效和稳定性，以及将其递送至抗原呈递细胞 (APC)，特别是树突状细胞 (DC) 的可靠性。在这篇综述中，我们详细概述了 mRNA 疫苗及其递送策略，并考虑了推进和扩展这一有前途的疫苗平台以广泛治疗癌症的未来方向和挑战。© 作者 2024。由牛津大学出版社出版代表华西医学院

The delivery of lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-based mRNA therapeutics has captured the attention of the vaccine research community as an innovative and versatile tool for treating a variety of human malignancies. mRNA vaccines are now in the limelight as an alternative to conventional vaccines owing to their high precision, low-cost, rapid manufacture, and superior safety profile. Multiple mRNA vaccine platforms have been developed to target several types of cancer, and many have demonstrated encouraging results in animal models and human trials. The effectiveness of these new mRNA vaccines depends on the efficacy and stability of the antigen(s) of interest generated and the reliability of their delivery to antigen-presenting cells (APCs), especially dendritic cells (DCs). In this review, we provide a detailed overview of mRNA vaccines and their delivery strategies and consider future directions and challenges in advancing and expanding this promising vaccine platform to widespread therapeutic use against cancer.© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the West China School of Medicine & West China Hospital of Sichuan University.