探索禽白血病病毒 J 亚型 (ALV-J) 感染过程中外泌体分子的异常表达对于更深入地了解外泌体在相关病毒发病机制中的作用至关重要。该研究旨在研究ALV-J感染的DF-1细胞外泌体的差异表达蛋白和miRNA、其基因功能和涉及的信号通路。我们从被 ALV-J 感染的 DF-1 细胞中分离出外泌体。通过蛋白质组学和转录检测技术确定外泌体的差异表达蛋白和 miRNA。基因本体 (GO) 分析和京都基因和基因组百科全书 (KEGG) 信号通路分析确定了 miRNA 靶基因以及受不同蛋白质或/和 miRNA 调节的信号通路。总共测定了 116 个蛋白质（58 个上调和 58 个下调）和 3 个 miRNA（全部上调）。这些蛋白质参与了 155 个信号通路，其中参与癌症通路的蛋白质数量最多（多达 7 个）。 miRNA 的靶基因涉及 3 条信号通路。 miRNA 的蛋白质和靶基因均参与核糖体途径和 ECM-受体相互作用途径。结果表明，ALV-J 感染显着改变了外泌体的蛋白质和 miRNA。版权所有：© 2022 Yang 等人。

Exploration of the abnormal expression of exosomal molecules during the infection of avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J) is essential to provide a deeper understanding of the exosome's role in the viral pathogenesis involved. The study aimed to investigate the differentially expressed proteins and miRNAs of the exosomes derived from DF-1 cells infected by ALV-J, their gene function and involved signal pathways. We isolated exosomes from DF-1 cells infected by ALV-J. The differentially expressed proteins and miRNAs of the exosomes were determined by proteomics and transcription detection technology. A Gene Ontology (GO) analysis and a Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) signal pathway analysis identified the miRNAs target genes and the signal pathways regulated by the different proteins or/and miRNAs. A total of 116 proteins (58 upregulated and 58 downregulated) and 3 miRNAs (all upregulated) were determined. These proteins were involved in 155 signal pathways, in which the highest number of proteins involved in the cancer pathway was (up to) seven. The target genes of the miRNAs were involved in 3 signal pathways. Both the proteins and target genes of the miRNAs were involved in the Ribosome pathway and ECM-receptor interaction pathway. The results suggested that the ALV-J infection changed the proteins and miRNAs of the exosomes significantly.Copyright: © 2022 Yang et al.