吸烟是肝病患者发病和死亡的一个可预防的危险因素。本研究旨在探讨吸烟对高危饮酒者罹患酒精性肝病 (ALD)、肝硬化和肝细胞癌 (HCC) 的额外风险。数据来自国民健康保险服务，包括索赔和健康检查使用了 2011 年至 2017 年的信息。计算总体饮酒量，并根据 ICD-10 代码定义 ALD。高风险饮酒被定义为每周两次，男性饮酒 7 次或以上，女性饮酒 5 次或以上。高风险饮酒者中有一半是吸烟者，男性有所下降，但女性稳定在 20%。高风险饮酒者的 ALD 患病率为 0.97%，吸烟的高风险饮酒者为 1.09%，高于社交饮酒者的 0.16%（ p < 0.001）。吸烟的高危饮酒者 3 年内 ALD 发病率最高 (2.35%)，其次是高危饮酒者 (2.03%) 和社交饮酒者 (0.35%) (p < 0.001)。肝硬化和肝癌遵循相似的模式，吸烟者的患病率和发病率最高。吸烟的高风险饮酒者的 3 年死亡率为 0.65%，而高风险饮酒者的 3 年死亡率为 0.50%，社交饮酒者的 3 年死亡率为 0.24%（p < 0.001）。吸烟使 ALD、肝硬化和 HCC 的发病率分别增加 1.32、1.53 和 1.53 倍（所有 p < 0.001）。性别分析显示，女性患酒精性肝病、酒精性肝硬化和肝癌的风险比 (RR) 较高，尤其是吸烟的高危饮酒者。与男性（4.18 至 4.40）相比，女性 ALD 的 RR 显着增加（6.08 至 12.38），肝硬化和 HCC 也观察到类似的趋势。吸烟显着增加 ALD、肝硬化和 HCC 的风险，特别是在女性、高危人群中。 - 危险饮酒者。这强调了戒烟的重要性，特别是对于 ALD 女性患者。版权所有 © 2024 Yoo、Lee、Kim、Jang、Kim 和 Kim。

Smoking is a preventable risk factor for morbidity and mortality in patients with liver disease. This study aims to explore the additional risks of smoking in the development of alcoholic liver disease (ALD), cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in high-risk drinkers.Data from the National Health Insurance Service, including claims and health check-up information spanning 2011 to 2017, were used. The overall alcohol consumption was calculated, and ALD was defined based on ICD-10 codes. High-risk drinking was defined as 7 or more drinks for men and 5 or more for women, twice weekly. Half of the high-risk drinkers were smokers, decreasing in men but stable at 20% for women.ALD prevalence was 0.97% in high-risk drinkers and 1.09% in high-risk drinkers who smoked, higher than 0.16% in social drinkers (p < 0.001). ALD incidence over 3-years was highest in high-risk drinkers who smoked (2.35%), followed by high-risk drinkers (2.03%) and social drinkers (0.35%) (p < 0.001). Cirrhosis and HCC followed similar patterns, with prevalence and incidence was highest in drinkers who smoked. 3-year mortality was 0.65% in high-risk drinkers who smoked, compared to 0.50% in high-risk drinkers and 0.24% in social drinkers (p < 0.001). Smoking increased the incidence of ALD, cirrhosis, and HCC by 1.32, 1.53, and 1.53 times, respectively (all p < 0.001). Gender-specific analysis revealed higher risk ratios (RR) for women in ALD, alcoholic cirrhosis, and HCC, particularly among high-risk drinkers who smoked. Women showed significantly increased RR in ALD (6.08 to 12.38) compared to men (4.18 to 4.40), and similar trends were observed for cirrhosis and HCC.Smoking significantly heightens the risk of ALD, cirrhosis, and HCC, especially in women, among high-risk drinkers. This emphasizes the importance of smoking cessation, particularly for female patients with ALD.Copyright © 2024 Yoo, Lee, Kim, Jang, Kim and Kim.