外泌体通过复杂的信号网络介导涉及多种生物分子的细胞间串扰。近年来，外泌体及其非编码RNA货物在几种癌症类型的发生和进展中的关键作用明显显现。特别是，肿瘤块及其微环境通过细胞通讯共同进化，其中这些纳米级细胞外囊泡是最相关的参与者之一。有关这些通讯所涉及的细胞和分子机制的知识将为新型基于外泌体的治疗性 RNA 递送以及创新的预后/诊断工具铺平道路。尽管外泌体具有宝贵的治疗潜力和临床相关性，但由于此类癌症的稀有性和高度异质性，其对肉瘤的作用的报道还很模糊。在这里，我们剖析了科学文献，以揭示外泌体非编码 RNA 作为肉瘤亚型细胞间通讯介质的多方面作用。© 2024。作者。

Exosomes mediate cell-to-cell crosstalk involving a variety of biomolecules through an intricate signaling network. In recent years, the pivotal role of exosomes and their non-coding RNAs cargo in the development and progression of several cancer types clearly emerged. In particular, tumor bulk and its microenvironment co-evolve through cellular communications where these nanosized extracellular vesicles are among the most relevant actors. Knowledge about the cellular, and molecular mechanisms involved in these communications will pave the way for novel exosome-based delivery of therapeutic RNAs as well as innovative prognostic/diagnostic tools. Despite the valuable therapeutic potential and clinical relevance of exosomes, their role on sarcoma has been vaguely reported because the rarity and high heterogeneity of this type of cancer. Here, we dissected the scientific literature to unravel the multifaceted role of exosomal non-coding RNAs as mediator of cell-to-cell communications in the sarcoma subtypes.© 2024. The Author(s).