带状疱疹 (HZ) 是由水痘带状疱疹病毒重新激活引起的，是一种重要的疾病。本研究旨在探讨影响带状疱疹不同部位感觉神经元受累的因素及其与带状疱疹后神经痛（PHN）的关系。电子病历系统共检索病例3143例，其中HZ病例2676例，PHN病例467例。使用多因素逻辑回归模型分析性别、年龄、发病部位、既往手术史和合并症。结果揭示了带状疱疹中年龄、性别、合并症（糖尿病、冠心病、经皮冠状动脉介入治疗 [PCI]）和感觉神经元受累之间的相关性。具体来说，年龄较大、女性性别和糖尿病/冠心病等合并症与骶骨背根神经节（DRG）受累相关，而PCI病史与腰椎DRG受累相关。此外，HZ 累及不同部位的感觉神经元与 PHN 相关。此外，PHN 的独立危险因素包括胸部 DRG 受累、年龄较大和合并症（糖尿病、手术史、恶性肿瘤）。通过避免活动和积极治疗，防止 DRG 受损至关重要，特别是对于患有合并症的个体，以尽量减少 PHN 的发生。© 2024 Wiley periodicals LLC。

Herpes zoster (HZ), resulting from the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus, is a significant disease. This study aimed to explore the factors influencing sensory neuron involvement in HZ at different locations and its association with postherpetic neuralgia (PHN). A total of 3143 cases were retrieved from an electronic medical record system, including 2676 cases of HZ and 467 cases of PHN. Gender, age, site of onset, past surgical history, and comorbidities were analyzed using a multifactorial logistic regression model. The results revealed correlations between age, gender, comorbidities (diabetes, coronary heart disease, percutaneous coronary intervention [PCI]), and sensory neuron involvement in HZ. Specifically, older age, female gender, and comorbid conditions such as diabetes/coronary heart disease were associated with sacral dorsal root ganglion (DRG) involvement, while PCI history was associated with lumbar DRG involvement. Additionally, sensory neuron involvement at different locations by HZ was linked to PHN. Furthermore, independent risk factors for PHN included thoracic DRG involvement, older age, and comorbidities (diabetes, surgical history, malignancy). It is crucial to prevent damage to the DRG, especially in individuals with comorbidities, through activities avoidance and active treatment, to minimize the occurrence of PHN.© 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC.