膀胱癌是治疗最昂贵的癌症之一，因为其治疗成本高昂，而且为防止疾病复发和进展而产生的监测费用也很高。因此，迫切需要开发具有受控药物释放特性和肿瘤靶向潜力的安全、有效的药物制剂，以改善膀胱癌患者的治疗结果。本综述旨在概述已研究的潜在药物制剂过去十年膀胱癌的治疗；强调膀胱癌治疗的最新趋势；提及正在进行的膀胱癌化疗临床试验；详细介绍了最近 FDA 批准的用于膀胱癌治疗的药物产品，并确定了阻碍有前途的药物配方从研究实验室转化为临床的限制因素。这项工作揭示了颗粒药物输送系统的表面功能化以及将纳米颗粒纳入原位胶凝系统可以促进药物长期受控释放，并改善膀胱癌治疗的预后。未来的研究方向可以将多种药物纳入药物输送系统以治疗晚期疾病。此外，包括光热疗法在内的智能纳米材料可用于改善膀胱癌患者的治疗效果。

Bladder Cancer is one of the most expensive cancers to treat due to its high cost of therapy as well as the surveillance expenses incurred to prevent disease recurrence and progression. Thus, there is a strong need to develop safe, efficacious drug formulations with controlled drug release profiles and tumor-targeting potential, for improved therapeutic outcomes of bladder cancer patients.This review aims to provide an overview of drug formulations that have been studied for potential bladder cancer treatment in the last decade; highlight recent trends in bladder cancer treatment; mention ongoing clinical trials on bladder cancer chemotherapy; detail recently FDA-approved drug products for bladder cancer treatment and identify constraints that have prevented the translation of promising drug formulations from the research laboratory to the clinics.This work revealed that surface functionalization of particulate drug delivery systems and incorporating the nanoparticles into in situ gelling systems could facilitate controlled drug release for extended periods, and improve the prognosis of bladder cancer treatment. Future research directions could incorporate multiple drugs into the drug delivery systems to treat advanced stages of the disease. In addition, smart nanomaterials, including photothermal therapies could be exploited to improve the therapeutic outcomes of bladder cancer patients.