研究喀斯特地区重金属污染的源头健康风险分配及控制因素对于防治具有重要意义。本研究选择一个典型的喀斯特盆地，研究重金属的污染特征、特定来源的健康风险和控制因素。结果表明，雨季期间，As、Cd、Pb 以及旱季期间的 As 是造成流域水污染的主要元素。对比分析表明，绝对主成分-多元线性回归（APCS-MLR）模型能够更好地识别和量化岩溶盆地水域中重金属的来源。健康风险分析显示，旱季时，流域内的重金属对成年人具有中度癌症风险（10-4<总癌症风险（TCR）<10-3），而雨季时，这些重金属对成年人的癌症风险为中度。构成非癌症风险（总危险指数 (THI) > 1）和中度至高度癌症风险（10-4 < TCR < 10-2）。 APCS-MLR模型结合健康风险分析显示，工业废物排放源是流域居民健康的主要贡献者(29.39%-52.57%)，使得旱季成为流域居民的非癌症风险，同时雨季砷和镉对流域居民来说是非癌症风险，而癌症风险很高。因此，应合理规划上游工业生产，重点监测和治理水中As、Cd污染。分析还表明，输入途径、稀释效应和水化学特征可能影响流域重金属的时空变化。研究结果为喀斯特地区水体重金属污染的健康风险优先排序和管理提供了重要信息和重要参考。版权所有：© 2024 Mu et al.这是一篇根据知识共享署名许可条款分发的开放获取文章，允许在任何媒体上不受限制地使用、分发和复制，前提是注明原始作者和来源。

Studying the apportionment of source-specific health risks and control factors for heavy metal pollution in karst regions is crucial for prevention and management. A typical karst basin was chosen in this study to investigate the pollution characteristics of heavy metals, source-specific health risks, and control factors. The results indicate that during the rainy season, As, Cd, and Pb, as well as As during the dry season, were the primary elements responsible for water pollution in the watershed. Comparative analyses showed that the absolute principal component-multiple linear regression (APCS-MLR) model better identifies and quantifies the sources of heavy metals in karst basin waters. The analysis of health risks revealed that during the dry season, heavy metals in the basin posed a moderate cancer risk to adults (10-4 < total cancer risk (TCR) < 10-3), whereas during the rainy season, these heavy metals posed a non-cancer risk (total hazard index (THI) > 1) and a moderate to high cancer risk (10-4 < TCR < 10-2). The APCS-MLR model combined with the health risk analysis showed that Industrial waste discharge sources are the main contributors to the health of basin residents (29.39%-52.57%), making dry season As a non-cancer risk for basin residents, as well as rainy season As and Cd a non-cancer risk and a high cancer risk for basin residents. Therefore, reasonable planning for upstream industrial production should be developed, and priority should be given to monitoring and treating As and Cd pollution in water. Analyses also showed that input pathways, dilution effects, and hydrochemical characteristics may influence the spatial and temporal variability of heavy metals in the basin. The results provide essential information and significant reference for prioritising and managing the health risks associated with heavy metal pollution in water bodies in karst areas.Copyright: © 2024 Mu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.