人们早已认识到细菌和病毒对肿瘤生长的影响。近几十年来，人们对微生物在肿瘤微环境（TME）中的作用的兴趣不断扩大。感染会诱导代谢重编程并影响 TME 内的免疫反应，这可能支持增殖和转移或限制肿瘤生长。感染细胞和改变 TME 的天然能力也可用于癌症检测和治疗。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了细菌和病毒影响 TME 的机制的最新发现，以及关注代谢改变的癌症治疗策略。工程细菌和病毒感染代表了有前途的治疗方法，可开发新颖且更有效的疗法来抑制肿瘤生长。版权所有 © 2024 作者。由爱思唯尔有限公司出版。保留所有权利。

The impact of bacteria and viruses on tumor growth has long been recognized. In recent decades, interest in the role of microorganisms in the tumor microenvironment (TME) has expanded. Infections induce metabolic reprogramming and influence immune responses within the TME that may either support proliferation and metastasis or limit tumor growth. The natural ability to infect cells and alter the TME is also utilized for cancer detection and treatment. In this review, we discuss recent discoveries about the mechanisms of bacteria and viruses affecting TME, as well as strategies in cancer therapy focusing on metabolic alterations. Infections with engineered bacteria and viruses represent promising therapeutic approaches to develop novel and more effective therapies to constrain tumor growth.Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.