胃肠道 (GI) 癌症是常见癌症，占全球癌症死亡人数的很大一部分。因此，迫切需要创新策略来识别和治疗胃肠道癌症。 MicroRNA (miRNA) 是短的 ncRNA，可被视为致癌分子或肿瘤抑制分子。 MicroRNA-155，也称为 miR-155，是多种癌症类型的重要调节因子。这种 miRNA 在多种胃肠道癌症中具有致癌作用，包括胰腺癌、结肠癌和胃癌。由于 miR-155 的异常产生已在多种恶性肿瘤中被发现，并且与死亡率增加相关，因此它是未来治疗方法的一个有希望的目标。此外，与肿瘤相关的外泌体 miR-155 在细胞间通讯和建立胃肠道癌症微环境方面具有重要功能。各种类型的遗传物质，例如 miR-155 以及癌症相关外泌体中发现的蛋白质，都能够传播到其他细胞，并在肿瘤的进展中发挥作用。因此，对 miR-155 在胃肠道恶性肿瘤中的多种功能进行综述至关重要。因此，我们对 miR-155 在胃肠道癌症中的作用进行了概述。我们的研究强调了 miR-155 在胃肠道癌症中的作用，并涵盖了胃肠道癌症中的关键问题，例如 miRNA-155 的药理抑制剂、miRNA-155 相关的环状 RNA、含有 miRNA-155 的免疫相关细胞。重要的是，我们讨论了 miRNA-155 在胃肠癌化疗、诊断和临床试验中的作用。此外，还涵盖了癌细胞或肿瘤相关巨噬细胞释放的外泌体中包含的 miR-155 的功能。© 2024。作者。

Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers are common cancers that are responsible for a large portion of global cancer fatalities. Due to this, there is a pressing need for innovative strategies to identify and treat GI cancers. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short ncRNAs that can be considered either cancer-causing or tumor-inhibiting molecules. MicroRNA-155, also known as miR-155, is a vital regulator in various cancer types. This miRNA has a carcinogenic role in a variety of gastrointestinal cancers, including pancreatic, colon, and gastric cancers. Since the abnormal production of miR-155 has been detected in various malignancies and has a correlation with increased mortality, it is a promising target for future therapeutic approaches. Moreover, exosomal miR-155 associated with tumors have significant functions in communicating between cells and establishing the microenvironment for cancer in GI cancers. Various types of genetic material, such as specifically miR-155 as well as proteins found in cancer-related exosomes, have the ability to be transmitted to other cells and have a function in the advancement of tumor. Therefore, it is critical to conduct a review that outlines the diverse functions of miR-155 in gastrointestinal malignancies. As a result, we present a current overview of the role of miR-155 in gastrointestinal cancers. Our research highlighted the role of miR-155 in GI cancers and covered critical issues in GI cancer such as pharmacologic inhibitors of miRNA-155, miRNA-155-assosiated circular RNAs, immune-related cells contain miRNA-155. Importantly, we discussed miRNA-155 in GI cancer resistance to chemotherapy, diagnosis and clinical trials. Furthermore, the function of miR-155 enclosed in exosomes that are released by cancer cells or tumor-associated macrophages is also covered.© 2024. The Author(s).