MicroRNA-29b (miR-29b) 以其作为抗纤维化和抗癌剂的治疗潜力而闻名。在纤维化条件下，miR-29b 通过下调胶原蛋白、细胞外基质蛋白和转化生长因子-β 途径等关键调节因子来抑制纤维发生。同样，在癌症中，它通过下调参与癌症进展的各种癌基因和信号通路（例如 Wnt-β-catenin、p38-丝裂原激活蛋白激酶和核因子-κB）来充当肿瘤抑制剂。然而，这些通路的上调会抑制 miR-29b，从而导致纤维化和癌症的发展。临床前研究和临床试验表明，递送外源 miR-29b 模拟物可以恢复其表达，从而减弱肿瘤发生和纤维形成。本综述讨论了 miR-29b 的潜力及其治疗癌症和纤维化疾病的可能发展。版权所有 © 2024 Elsevier Ltd。保留所有权利。

MicroRNA-29b (miR-29b) is known for its therapeutic potential as an antifibrotic and anticancer agent. In fibrotic conditions, miR-29b inhibits fibrogenesis by downregulating crucial regulators such as collagens, extracellular matrix proteins and the transforming growth factor-β pathway. Similarly, in cancer, it acts as a tumor suppressor by downregulating various oncogenes and signaling pathways involved in cancer progression, such as Wnt-β-catenin, p38-mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor-κB. However, the upregulation of these pathways suppresses miR-29b, contributing to fibrosis and cancer development. Preclinical research and clinical trials have shown that delivering exogenous miR-29b mimics can restore its expression, attenuating tumorigenesis and fibrogenesis. This review discusses miR-29b's potential and its possible therapeutic development for cancer and fibrotic disorders.Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.