神经内分泌肿瘤（NEN）由于其异质性和有限的治疗选择而成为诊断和治疗的挑战。由于这些肿瘤随着时间的推移有去分化的趋势，传统的成像技术和治疗策略在随访过程中可能变得不可靠。因此，NEN 患者的管理需要新的诊断和治疗方案。 Delta 样配体 3 (DLL3) 是 Notch 受体的抑制性配体，已成为 NEN 新型诊断和治疗策略的潜在靶标，因为 DLL3 的过度表达与多种 NEN 中的肿瘤进展、不良预后和去分化有关。这篇叙述性综述探讨了有关 DLL3 的当前证据、其结构、功能以及与 NEN 肿瘤发生的关联。对正在进行的探索 DLL3 作为新兴诊断标记物作用的研究进行了回顾。还讨论了有前途的治疗选择，例如抗体偶联药物、CAR-T 细胞和放射免疫偶联物。版权所有 © 2024 作者。由 Elsevier B.V. 出版。保留所有权利。

Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) represent a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge, due to their heterogeneity and limited treatment options. Conventional imaging techniques and therapeutic strategies may become unreliable during follow-up, due to the tendency of these neoplasms to dedifferentiate over time. Therefore, novel diagnostic and therapeutic options are required for the management of NEN patients. Delta-like ligand 3 (DLL3), an inhibitory ligand of Notch receptor, has emerged as a potential target for novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in NENs, since overexpression of DLL3 has been associated with tumor progression, poor prognosis and dedifferentiation in several NENs. This narrative review examines the current evidence about DLL3, its structure, function and association with tumorigenesis in NENs. Ongoing studies exploring the role of DLL3 as an emerging diagnostic marker are reviewed. Promising therapeutic options, such as antibody-conjugated drugs, CAR-T cells and radioimmunoconjugates, are also discussed.Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.