在过去的十年中，类器官已成为一种流行且有前途的研究工具，反映了人体的生理结构。然而，随着该领域的进步，传统使用动物或肿瘤来源的细胞外基质（ECM）作为支架已经变得越来越不够。这种转变导致人们开始关注开发合成支架，特别是水凝胶，以更准确地模拟体外三维 (3D) 组织结构和动力学。 ECM-细胞相互作用对于类器官的生长至关重要，因此水凝胶需要通过可改变的物理和成分特性来满足类器官的特定要求。先进的复合水凝胶经过精心设计，可以更有效地复制体内条件，与传统基质相比，可以更准确地表示人体器官。本综述探讨了脱细胞 ECM 支架的演变和当前用途，强调了脱细胞 ECM 水凝胶在类器官培养中的应用。它还探讨了复合水凝胶的制造及其未来在类器官系统中的应用前景。© 2024。作者。

Over the past decade, organoids have emerged as a prevalent and promising research tool, mirroring the physiological architecture of the human body. However, as the field advances, the traditional use of animal or tumor-derived extracellular matrix (ECM) as scaffolds has become increasingly inadequate. This shift has led to a focus on developing synthetic scaffolds, particularly hydrogels, that more accurately mimic three-dimensional (3D) tissue structures and dynamics in vitro. The ECM-cell interaction is crucial for organoid growth, necessitating hydrogels that meet organoid-specific requirements through modifiable physical and compositional properties. Advanced composite hydrogels have been engineered to more effectively replicate in vivo conditions, offering a more accurate representation of human organs compared to traditional matrices. This review explores the evolution and current uses of decellularized ECM scaffolds, emphasizing the application of decellularized ECM hydrogels in organoid culture. It also explores the fabrication of composite hydrogels and the prospects for their future use in organoid systems.© 2024. The Author(s).