癌症相关的认知障碍对乳腺癌患者的生活质量和感知认知能力有重大影响，并且经常影响注意力、工作记忆和执行功能。人们已经研究了几种治疗这些缺陷的介入方法，包括基于网络的认知训练，但与癌症治疗相关的方法和时间安排各不相同。只有很少的干预措施是在原发性乳腺癌治疗后早期开始的，许多患者报告在这个时期生活质量和认知能力受到最大损害。在这项随机对照试点研究中，31 名患有主观认知缺陷且平均治疗后持续时间为 6.6 个月 (SD = 9.3) 的乳腺癌幸存者被分配到为期 14 周的基于网络的认知训练计划（训练组，n = 16) 或对照组 (n = 15)。所有患者在干预前（基线，T1）和干预后（随访，T2）均接受了详细的神经心理学评估、患者报告结果（PROM）评估和神经学检查。对两组的纵向（T1 与 T2）和横向（T2）认知表现进行了评估。在纵向分析中，训练组的整体认知障碍在训练后显着改善（56% vs. 25%；p = 0.03，Phi = 0.51），但对照组则没有显着改善（73% vs. 73%；p = 1）。 T1 与 T2）。具体来说，训练组的执行功能表现出统计上显着的改善（p = 0.004，Phi = 0.32）。没有观察到训练对主观认知缺陷或 PROM 的影响。比较随访时（T2）的横截面认知表现，训练组总体上表现出显着较低的认知障碍发生率（p = 0.007，Phi = 0.48），并且执行功能的认知表现更好（p = 0.04，Phi = 0.32）与对照组相比。在这项前瞻性试点研究中，基于网络的认知训练可有效提高整体认知表现和执行功能。重要的是，这项研究调查了治疗后立即阶段的基于网络的认知训练，在这个阶段，高达 75% 的乳腺癌患者会出现认知能力下降。这些结果表明认知训练可以改善乳腺癌患者的神经心理学结果。© 2024。作者。

Cancer-related cognitive impairment has a significant impact on the quality of life and perceived cognitive ability of breast cancer patients and frequently affects attention, working memory, and executive function. Several interventional approaches to treat these deficits have been studied, including web-based cognitive training, but methods and timing in relation to cancer treatment are heterogeneous. Only few interventions start early after primary breast cancer treatment, a time when many patients report the greatest impairments in quality of life and cognition. In this randomized controlled pilot study, 31 breast cancer survivors with subjective cognitive deficits and a mean post-treatment duration of 6.6 months (SD = 9.3) were assigned to either 14 weeks of a web-based cognitive training program (training group, n = 16) or a control group (n = 15). All patients underwent detailed neuropsychological assessment, evaluation of patient-reported outcomes (PROMs), and neurological examination before (baseline, T1) and after (follow-up, T2) the intervention. Longitudinal (T1 vs. T2) and cross-sectional (T2) cognitive performance was assessed for both groups. Overall cognitive impairment significantly improved in the training group following training (56% vs 25%; p = 0.03, Phi = 0.51), but not in the control group (73% vs. 73%; p = 1) in the longitudinal analysis (T1 vs. T2). Specifically, the training group showed statistically significant improvement of executive functions (p = 0.004, Phi = 0.32). No effects of training on subjective cognitive deficits or PROMs were observed. Comparing cross-sectional cognitive performance at follow-up (T2), the training group showed a significantly lower rate of cognitive impairment overall (p = 0.007, Phi = 0.48) and a better cognitive performance for executive function (p = 0.04, Phi = 0.32) compared to the control group. In this prospective pilot study, web-based cognitive training was efficacious in improving overall cognitive performance and executive function. Importantly, this study investigated a web-based cognitive training for the immediate post-treatment phase, when up to 75% of breast cancer patients experience cognitive decline. These results indicate that cognitive training may improve neuropsychological outcomes for patients with breast cancer.© 2024. The Author(s).